Energy-balanced Improved Leach Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

A proper sensor node clustering is an effective topology control that can balance energy consumption among sensor nodes and increase network scalability and life time. As the use of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) has grown enormously, the need for energy-efficient routing and data aggregation has also risen. LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Cluster Hierarchy)is a hierarchical clustering protocol that provides an elegant solution for such protocols. Random clustering is the main deficiency of LEACH. In this paper an energy balanced clustering approach is proposed, in which the K-mean clustering algorithm is applied. It is centralized clustering algorithm that based on minimum energy clustering to form optimal clusters. For the candidate nodes, the location and the residual energy are used as key parameters to select the cluster head (CH). The method shows that the proposed approach outperforms LEACH in terms of energy conservation and network life time prolonging.